Private Pilot Private Exam

Under which situation can a pilot deviate from an ATC clearance?

1. For weather-related deviations

2. In response to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system resolution advisory

3. When the aircraft is low on fuel

4. Only with prior ATC approval

The correct answer is: In response to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system resolution advisory

A pilot is permitted to deviate from an Air Traffic Control (ATC) clearance primarily in response to a traffic alert and collision avoidance system (TCAS) resolution advisory. This is essential for maintaining safety and preventing mid-air collisions. The TCAS provides real-time information and directives to the pilot regarding potential conflicts with other aircraft, which could necessitate immediate action to resolve the situation. While weather-related deviations, situations related to low fuel, or other emergencies may indeed cause pilots to alter their flight path, these actions are typically encouraged to be communicated with ATC when possible. If time permits, pilots are expected to inform ATC of any deviations. In contrast, resolution advisories generated by TCAS take precedence as they are critical for avoiding dangerous scenarios, thus granting pilots the authority to act immediately in the best interest of safety without awaiting prior clearance. It's important to understand that while TCAS advisories allow for deviations, other circumstances, although they may warrant changes in the flight path, still require communication and coordination with ATC when feasible.