Private Pilot Private Exam

In the Northern Hemisphere, under what condition will a magnetic compass typically indicate a turn toward the north?

1. An aircraft is decelerated while on a north heading

2. An aircraft is turned while on a south heading

3. An aircraft is accelerated while on an east or west heading

4. An aircraft is banked during a climb

The correct answer is: An aircraft is accelerated while on an east or west heading

The correct answer highlights the behavior of the magnetic compass in response to changes in the aircraft's speed and heading, specifically during acceleration while on an east or west heading. When an aircraft accelerates in these directions, the compass can experience a momentary lag due to inertia. This occurs because the magnetic compass aligns itself with the Earth's magnetic field but may not immediately reflect the aircraft's new heading. As the aircraft accelerates, the compass tends to indicate a turn toward the north. This happens because, during acceleration, the compass card tends to swing toward the North Magnetic Pole due to the movement of the aircraft, creating a perception that the aircraft is turning. This is an important concept for pilots to understand, as it demonstrates how physical forces can affect instrument readings, and it emphasizes the need to interpret compass indications carefully while flying. Understanding this behavior helps pilots make informed decisions regarding navigation and ensures they maintain accurate situational awareness during flight operations.